“They have to see me open it with their naked eyes,” said Mr. Sherif Mechawy, a barber in an upper-class neighborhood of Cairo, pumps sanitizer on his hands and holds up a clear plastic package containing a comb and a disposable razor for each client. Egypt’s National Liver Institute runs 50 treatment centers and consumes a third of the national health budget. Manal Hamdy El-Sayed, who directs the national hepatitis-awareness campaign. There are an estimated 150,000 new infections each year, caused by reuse of disposable syringes, accidental needle sticks, tainted medical equipment, and even the sharing of nail clippers and toothbrushes among family members.Įach infected Egyptian passes the virus to three others on average, said Dr. Nowhere is the virus more entrenched than in Egypt. Some patients clear the infection on their own, but in most, it becomes chronic, slowly damaging the liver over time. Usually transmitted by contact with blood, hepatitis C may not cause symptoms for years. Increasing surfactant blend concentration in cream formulations leads to increasing viscosity and consequently decreasing antimicrobial activity.ĭetermination of the rHLB of Garlic and Eruca oils allows the ease of preparation of stable, consistent, and non-irritant cream.Ĭreaming index Eruca oil Garlic oil droplet size required HLB skin irritation thixotropy turbidity.The virus is a resilient foe. The lowest CI, smallest droplet size, and highest turbidity were obtained at the optimum surfactant concentration in the prepared emulsions. In addition, its texture parameters and pH were found to be consistent over 12 months at 25 ± 1 ☌ and 60% relative humidity. Stable cream (F1) developed with 2% surfactant blend showed elegant rheological properties, the best antimicrobial activity against Staphyococcus aureus ATCC29737, Escherichia coli ATCC25299 S. RHLB of Garlic oil and Eruca oil was determined to be 7.92 ± 0.27 and 9.76 ± 0.32, respectively. Utilizing determined rHLB, creams were formulated using a combination of two surfactants, Span 60:Brij 58 (1:2.333) at three different concentrations (2, 4, and 6%). Formulated emulsions were evaluated for creaming index (CI), droplet size, and turbidity to determine rHLB. The objective of this study is to determine rHLB values of Garlic and Eruca oils to formulate an elegant stable cream formulation enriched with both oils.Įmulsions of both oils were prepared by the bottle method using water, Tween 80 and Span 80. However, the exact knowledge of their required hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (rHLB) values to facilitate their emulsification are still not reported in the literature. Garlic oil and Eruca oil have been reported to have excellent antimicrobial activity.

Egyptian drug index 2015